New animal tranquilizer detected in Toronto's unregulated drug supply
A new, highly potent veterinary tranquilizer is circulating in Toronto’s unregulated drug supply.
The development was reported by Toronto’s Drug Checking Service (TDCS), a free and anonymous public health service offered at five harm reduction agencies in the downtown core.
According to TDCS, a substance known as medetomidine/dexmedetomidine was detected for the first time in the city on Dec. 29, 2023.
- Download our app to get local alerts on your device
- Get the latest local updates right to your inbox
Discovered at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health’s Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Services, technicians used a process called liquid chromatography–Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry to identify this surgical anesthetic/sedative and analgesic.
Medetomidine is a tranquilizer approved only for use on animals, while dexmedetomidine is approved for use on both humans and animals for sedation and pain relief.
Both of the medications have very similar chemical structures and are being reported together because TDCS is not currently capable of differentiating between the two in lab tests, it said in a Jan. 29 bulletin.
The service said that it is also working with its partners at St. Michael’s Hospital – Department of Laboratory Medicine to ensure that this new drug is also identified using other lab technologies.
This tranquilizer is actually the second substance of this kind that has been unexpectedly found in Toronto’s unregulated drug supply.
Allen Custance, site manager of Get Your Drugs Tested, helps take samples from a patron in Vancouver, B.C. on Friday April 1, 2022. An animal tranquilizer, called Xylazine, is making its way into the drug supply and has been linked to a growing number of deaths in Ontario. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jimmy Jeong
In October 2020, a similar animal tranquilizer called xylazine was found to be circulating in Toronto.
Medetomidine/dexmedetomidine is stronger than xylazine, which is sometimes referred to as “tranq,” “tranq dope,” or “horse tranquilizer,” as it is longer acting and produces a greater sedation.
This new drug can put users in a deep state of unconsciousness especially when consumed in combination with high-potency opioids, benzodiazepine-related drugs, and xylazine.
It can also cause a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate and may slow down breathing.
The effects of medetomidine/dexmedetomidine consumption cannot be reversed with naloxone as these drugs are not opioids. Naloxone will, however, work to reduce on any opioids that may be present in the drug cocktail and are contributing to an overdose.
Toronto’s Drug Checking Service, which is also known as the centre on Drug Policy Evaluation, said that between Dec. 29, 2023, and Jan. 23, 2024, medetomidine/dexmedetomidine was found in 11 per cent (15/140) of the expected fentanyl samples it checked. The samples were collected in the city’s west end and in the downtown core and are blue, green, grey, orange, purple, and white.
The service said that this finding is notable as 100 per cent of the samples found to contain medetomidine/dexmedetomidine also had at least one high-potency opioid.
“About half of these samples were reported as being strong and/or associated with drowsiness and sedation and/or dizziness/nausea/vomiting,” TDCS said.
“Much like xylazine and benzodiazepine-related drugs, we suspect medetomidine/dexmedetomidine is being added to unregulated fentanyl to mimic or enhance the sedative and euphoric effects of the opioid a person is choosing to use.”
Both drug checking services in Victoria, British Columbia as well as Health Canada’s Drug Analysis Service have identified medetomidine/dexmedetomidine in the unregulated drug supply. This substance has also been detected in the United States.
Toronto’s Drug Checking Service, which was launched in October 2019, aims to reduce the harms associated with substance use and, specifically, help prevent overdose by offering people who use drugs timely and detailed information on the contents of the unregulated substances they choose to consume.
CTVNews.ca Top Stories
Here's where Canadians are living abroad: report
A recent report sheds light on Canadians living abroad--estimated at around four million people in 2016—and the public policies that impact them.
'We are declaring our readiness': No decision made yet as Poland declares it's ready to host nuclear weapons
Polish President Andrzej Duda says while no decision has been made around whether Poland will host nuclear weapons as part of an expansion of the NATO alliance’s nuclear sharing program, his country is willing and prepared to do so.
Harvey Weinstein hospitalized after return to New York from upstate prison
Harvey Weinstein’s lawyer said Saturday that the onetime movie mogul has been hospitalized for a battery of tests after his return to New York City following an appeals court ruling nullifying his 2020 rape conviction.
Deadly six-vehicle crash on Highway 400 sparked by road rage incident
One person was killed in a six-vehicle crash on Highway 400 in Innisfil Friday evening.
Invasive and toxic hammerhead worms make themselves at home in Ontario
Ontario is now home to an invasive and toxic worm species that can grow up to three feet long and can be dangerous to small animals and pets.
Central Alberta queer groups react to request from Red Deer-South to reinstate Jennifer Johnson to UCP caucus
A number of LGBQT+2s groups in Central Alberta are pushing back against a request from the Red Deer South UCP constituency to reinstate MLA Jennifer Johnson into the UCP caucus.
Opinion I just don't get Taylor Swift
It's one thing to say you like Taylor Swift and her music, but don't blame CNN's AJ Willingham's when she says she just 'doesn't get' the global phenomenon.
Sophie Gregoire Trudeau on navigating post-political life, co-parenting and freedom
Sophie Gregoire Trudeau says there is 'still so much love' between her and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, as they navigate their post-separation relationship co-parenting their three children.
First court appearance for boy and girl charged in death of Halifax 16-year-old
A girl and a boy, both 14 years old, made their first appearance today in a Halifax courtroom, where they each face a second-degree murder charge in the stabbing death of a 16-year-old high school student.